SIL is defined as a relative level of risk reduction provided by a safety function or to specify a target level of risk reduction. In simple terms SIL is a measurement of performance required for a instrumental function.
SIL is the functional safety standards based on IEC 61508, SILs are defined,with SIL 4 is the most dependable and SIL 1 is being the least.
There are several methods are used to assign a SIL, these are normally used in combination, and may include,
1. Risk matrices
2. Risk graphs
3. Layers of production analysis(LOPA)
this 3 are normally used
SIL level chart :
PFD(probability of failure demand ) and RRF(Risk reduction factor )
For Low demand operation:
SIL PFD PFD(power) RRF
1 0.1-0.01 10-1 to 10-2 10-100
2 0.01-0.001 10-2 to 10-3 100-1000
3 0.001-0.0001 10-3 to 10-4 1000-1000
4 0.0001-0.00001 10-4 to 10-5 1000-10000
For Continuous Operation
SIL PFD PFD(power) RRF
1 0.00001-0.0000001 10-5 to 10-6 100,000-1,000,0000
2 0.000001-0.00000001 10-6 to 10-7 100,000-10,000,0000
3 0.0000001-0.000000001 10-7 to 10-8 10,000,000-100,000,000
4 0.00000001-0.0000000001 10-8 to 10-9 100,000,000-1,000,000,000